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Infections & their types
Infections & their types

The microbes are ubiquitous and are found in water, air and soil. The fact is that not all microbes or germs are harmful, but some of them are good as well. The microbes cause illness only when they enter the part of the body where they are not supposed to be.

Thank God we are blessed with a defence system –immune system, which acts as a barrier against these germs, but surpassing this immune barrier causes infections.

Infections can be classified into four main categories based on their causative agent:
Bacterial, Viral, Fungal and Parasitic.

– Bacterial Infection:
Bacteria enter the body through the openings like mouth and nose, as well as cuts, scrapes, and even surgical incisions. Infection may also be transmitted by sharing towels, razors or spoons.

Bacteria are both ‘Bad’ and ‘Good’ and should not blame them for being around.

There are some ‘Bad Bacteria’ that are responsible for a number of diseases like Cholera (Vibrio cholerae), Tetanus (Clostridium tetani), Botulism (Clostridium botulinum) and many more.

Our body is habitat for some ‘Good Bacteria’ too that reside in our gut. These help our body in food digestion, nutrients absorption and production of several vitamins including folic acid, niacin, and Vitamins B6 and B12.

Whenever we encounter any bacterial infection we usually take antibiotics and these are supposed to be really effective in eliminating the infection. But many a times these antibiotics disturb the microflora present in the body and kill the helpful bacteria also. This creates imbalance of bacteria in the body leading diarrhea and other gastrointestinal problems.

The real threat to humans is the overuse and misuse of antibiotics as it leads to Antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The antibiotics are losing effectiveness as the bacteria are cleverly mutating, gaining resistance and becoming superbugs.

– Viral Infections:
Viruses are responsible for a wide range of infectious diseases like AIDS, Hepatitis, Flu, Covid 19 and many more.

Like bacteria they also enter the body through the openings like nose and mouth. They also spread through body fluids like contaminated blood and sexual activity.

Antibiotics are effective against only bacteria and the viral infections can be dealt with vaccines and antivirals. To prevent viral infections vaccines are administered timely since birth and thereafter after regular intervals. Many of the vaccines require booster doses for life-long immunity.

– Fungal Infections:
The fungal infections are generally harmless but more annoying. These infections may appear on any part of the body from ringworm of the scalp, athlete’s foot in between the toes, vaginal yeast infection in women are few of them.

Fungal spores are found on dead, decayed and rotten vegetation. Inhaling fungal spores is one of the most common ways to develop an internal fungal infection.

The fungal infection can be treated by specific anti-fungal medications. These can be in the form of cream or ointment, suppository, or pill form.

– Parasitic Infections:
Parasitic infections like malaria, are the most common and are spread are spread through the bites of infected mosquitoes.. Other infections include Chagas disease, Cysticercosis (by tapeworm), Trichomoniasis (a sexually transmitted infection).

The presence of parasite can be easily detected with the help of blood, or stool test. The treatment of the parasitic infections depends on the type of infection and how far the infection has progressed.

Ways to Prevent

Primarily follow all the habits what we were doing for the past two years to keep the infection away

  • Wash hands with soap and water often
  • If water is not available use hand sanitizers instead
  • Maintain personal hygiene
  • Practice cough and sneeze etiquette
  • Oral hygiene is crucial to keep gut infections at bay
  • Keep immunization on records
  • Practice safe sex
  • Keep body dry and clean and wear breathable clothes to combat fungal infection

Study published by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests that washing hands regularly reduces Diarrhea infection by 23-40%.

Cancer patients bear risk of infection as they have compromised immune system due to medication and disease. They should monitor the signs and symptoms of infection and talk to the doctor immediately.

We @DattMediproducts suggest that infections should be taken seriously and seek medical advice before it worsens.

Follow the above healthy habits and stay safe.

Visit www.dattmedi.com for more infomation.
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Velfour® is a revolutionary 4-layer compression bandaging system designed to manage venous leg ulcers and associated conditions. With a sub-bandage pressure of 35-40 mm Hg at the ankle, this high-compression system incorporates elastic layers to achieve sustained compression and promote healing.

Velfour® consists of four essential components that work together synergistically to deliver effective compression and support:

1. Velfour®#1 (Orthopaedic wool):

This layer serves as the primary absorbent material, effectively managing exudate while redistributing pressure evenly around the limb.

2. Velfour® #2 (Cotton crepe bandage):

Designed to enhance absorbency, the cotton crepe bandage smooths out the Orthopaedic Wool layer, ensuring optimal comfort and performance.

3. Velfour®#3 (Elastic Compression Bandage):

The first layer of elastic compression sub-bandage, exerting a pressure of approximately 17 mm Hg at the ankle. This layer provides the initial compression necessary for effective treatment.

4. Velfour® #4 (Cohesive Bandage):

The second layer of compression, adding the remaining 23 mm Hg of pressure while ensuring the bandage remains securely in place. The cohesive properties of this bandage contribute to its stability and adherence.

Velfour® offers a range of features and benefits that make it an exceptional choice for venous leg ulcer management:

1. Effective compression:

With a pressure of approximately 40 mm Hg at the ankle, it delivers the necessary compression to promote healing, gradually reducing to 17 mm Hg at the knee. This graduated compression approach ensures optimal therapeutic results.

2. Graduated compression:

The bandage provides high compression at the ankle and gradually decreases the pressure at the calf.

3. Sustained compression:

It maintains a consistent level of compression for up to a full week, allowing for uninterrupted therapy and reducing the frequency of bandage changes. The treatment process is made simpler by this feature, which also increases patient compliance.

The leading option for treating venous leg ulcers, Velfour® also has additional advantages for a number of other ailments, such as:

1. Treatment of Venous Ulcers:

It improves results by hastening the healing process and facilitating the closure of venous leg ulcers.

2. Prevention of Ulcer Recurrence:

In cases where traditional compression stockings are not tolerated, It provides an effective alternative for preventing the recurrence of venous ulcers.

3. Symptomatic Relief of Superficial Thrombophlebitis:

The compression offered by Velfour®alleviates pain and inflammation associated with superficial thrombophlebitis, providing much-needed comfort to patients.

4. Traumatic Wounds with Local Edema:

It aids in reducing edema and promoting the healing of traumatic wounds, helping to restore the affected area to its optimal state.

5. Venous/Lymphatic Disorders:

It is suitable for managing various venous and lymphatic disorders by providing effective compression and support.

To ensure the optimal application and use of Velfour®, it is essential to follow these guidelines:

1. Limb Assessment:

Accurate measurement of the ankle circumference is crucial to determine the appropriate combination of bandages needed. Any changes in limb contour should also be noted for reference.

2. Wound Assessment:

Mapping the ulcer provides a baseline to track progress throughout the treatment. Regular wound assessment enables healthcare professionals to evaluate the effectiveness of Velfour® and make necessary adjustments.

3. Pain Assessment:

This plays a crucial role in managing venous leg ulcers. Compression therapy with it can alleviate pain, although a slight increase may occur initially.

Velfour® stands as a game-changing solution for managing venous leg ulcers. Its innovative 4-layer compression bandage system, combined with its effective pressure distribution and sustained compression, offers unparalleled benefits for patients and healthcare professionals alike.

We are committed to providing valuable information and insights to support your journey towards improved wound healing and patient well-being.

Allergies are a common health issue that affect a significant portion of the population worldwide. Allergies are a hypersensitive reaction of the immune system to an otherwise harmless substance, which is known as an allergen. The allergen can be any substance that triggers an allergic reaction in the body, such as pollen, dust, food, or animal dander.

Allergies are caused due to the abnormal response of the immune system, which mistakes a harmless substance for a harmful invader and initiates a defence mechanism, called antibodies, to protect the body from it. This results in various allergic reactions, such as skin rashes, itching, sneezing, watery eyes, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis.

There are various reasons behind the occurrence of allergies. Genetics plays a significant role in determining an individual’s likelihood of developing allergies. Environmental factors such as exposure to pollution, chemicals, and toxins can also trigger allergies.

There are several different types of allergies, each with their unique symptoms and triggers.

Some of the most common types of allergies include:

1. Respiratory allergies:

These allergies are triggered by airborne allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and animal dander. The symptoms of respiratory allergies include sneezing, coughing, and wheezing.

2. Food allergies:

These allergies occur when the immune system reacts to certain foods, such as nuts, shellfish, and eggs. Symptoms of food allergies can range from mild itching, tingling in the mouth, hives, swelling of the lips, tongue, face or throat to more severe life-threatening anaphylaxis.

3. Skin allergies:

These allergies occur when the skin comes into contact with an allergen, such as certain fabrics, metals, or cosmetics. The symptoms of skin allergies include rashes, itching, and swelling.

4. Insect allergies:

These allergies occur when an individual is bitten or stung by an insect, such as bees or mosquitoes. The symptoms of insect allergies can range from mild itching to severe anaphylaxis.

5. Medicine allergies:

Medicine allergies are hypersensitive reactions of the immune system to certain medications. They can cause symptoms like skin rashes, itching, swelling, and in severe cases, difficulty breathing or anaphylaxis. It is important to communicate medicine allergies to healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Precautionary methods can be taken to manage allergies. Firstly, it is crucial to identify the allergen that triggers the allergic reaction. This can be done through various tests such as skin tests or blood tests. Once the allergen is identified, it is essential to avoid exposure to it. For example, individuals with food allergies must avoid eating the allergen-containing food.

Similarly, those with respiratory allergies must avoid exposure to airborne allergens, such as pollen or animal dander. If a person has a known severe allergy then they can also wear a medical alert bracelet, which lets others know that you have a serious allergy incase they are unable to communicate it.

Medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids can be used to manage allergy symptoms. In severe cases, epinephrine injections may be required to manage anaphylaxis.

In addition to medication, several lifestyle changes can also help manage allergies. One of the most important being to try to reduce stress levels. While stress can’t trigger an allergic reaction it can make it worse if you are having one. When in stress your body releases hormones including histamine, which is a powerful chemical that leads to allergy symptoms thus making the reaction worse.

Allergies can significantly impact the lives of those who suffer from them. However, with proper management, it is possible to reduce the severity of allergy symptoms. If you suspect that you have an allergy, it is important to seek medical advice and get a proper diagnosis.

We advice to follow precautionary methods and working with a healthcare professional, that can help you manage allergies and improve your quality of life. Follow us for more such information.

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