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ORS A Solution for Survival
ORS A Solution for Survival

In developing nations, acute diarrheal diseases and dehydration caused by them are one of the most significant causes of death in infants and young children. This dehydration can be managed orally and intravenously, with oral rehydration therapy being the most effective, simple to use, and worthwhile of the two options.

Definition: Dehydration is defined as the loss of water and dissolved salts from the body, occurring, for instance, as a result of diarrhoea and the correction of dehydration is called as Rehydration.

Oral Rehydration Therapy: The Solution is in Your Hands

WHO defines Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) as “The administration of fluid by mouth to prevent or correct the dehydration that is a consequence of diarrhoea”. This fluid consists of a special mixture of water, glucose and salts which help to replenish the lost electrolytes and water and bring it back to normal levels. ORT is an effective treatment method to manage dehydration and a powerful alternative to intravenous therapy.

The WHO Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Development (CAH) in collaboration with UNICEF recommend Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) as the main strategy to achieve a reduction in diarrhoea-related mortality and malnutrition in children.

ORS Composition

Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) is the non-proprietary name for a balanced glucose-electrolyte mixture. ORS was approved, recommended and distributed by WHO and UNICEF for the first time in 1969 as a treatment option to manage dehydration throughout the world.

Reduced osmolarity solutions have been introduced by WHO and UNICEF, especially for children, to increase the safety and efficacy and subsequently reduce the stool output.

Reduced osmolarity ORSgrams/litreReduced osmolarity ORSmmol/litre
Sodium chloride2.6Sodium75
Glucose, anhydrous13.5Chloride65
Potassium chloride1.5Glucose, anhydrous75
Trisodium citrate, dihydrate2.9Potassium20
  Citrate10
  Total Osmolarity245

If ORS is unavailable, then a mixture of 6 level teaspoons of sugar, 1/2 level teaspoon of salt dissolved in 1 litre of clean water can be given to a child. Extra care must be taken while mixing the components as too much sugar can worsen diarrhoea and too much salt can be dangerous for the child.

How Oral Rehydration Works?

1.  In a healthy individual, water is continuously exchanged through the intestine’s walls. Nearly 20 litres of water is secreted and reabsorbed every 24 hours. This physiological process also allows the absorption of soluble metabolites (from the digested food) into our bloodstream.

2. In an individual suffering from diarrhoea, this balance of secretion and resorption gets disturbed, resulting in more secretion than resorption. This causes several litres of water loss in a day along with a significant reduction in sodium levels.

3. Sodium is an essential mineral present in the form of Na+ in blood plasma and body fluids i.e. extracellular fluids. Dehydration causes irregulated sodium levels and rapid depletion of water along with Na+. For proper functioning of the body, about 135-150 mmol/l of Na+ are required to be present in the extracellular fluid.

Do you know?
Depletion in more than 10% of the body fluids might result in acute kidney failure subsequently leading to Death.

4. If we only give saline solution to treat diarrhoea, it may worsen the situation. This is because the mechanism for Na+ absorption by the intestinal wall is impaired in diarrhoeal state and the presence of excess Na+ could further result in water secretion worsening diarrhoea.

5.  Adding glucose/dextrose to the saline solution initiates a “co-transport coupling mechanism” as a result of which, each molecule of glucose being absorbed by the intestinal wall helps in the transportation of one molecule of Na+. A relatively increased concentration of sodium inside the intestinal wall pulls water through it, as glucose only co-transports Na+ and not water.

Do you Know?
The co-transport coupling mechanism of Na+ and glucose is reported as “potentially the most important medical advance this century” by THE LANCET journal.

Other molecules with an aptitude to co-transport Na+ through the intestinal wall are amino acids, dipeptides and tripeptides. Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) is useful for the treatment of dehydration in patients suffering from prolonged diarrhoea, gastroenteritis, vomiting.

We @ Datt Mediproducts recommend oral rehydration solution as an excellent therapeutic technique for rehydration as “Rehydration Saves More Children

Visit www.dattmedi.com for more infomation.
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Recent Blogs
Beyound Wheat Gluten

In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of gluten and its impact on gut health. For individuals with gluten allergies, navigating the intricacies of a gluten-free lifestyle is crucial. In this blog, we delve into the nuances of gluten allergy, common sources of gluten, the basics of a gluten-free diet, and the myriad health benefits associated with making this dietary shift.

Understanding Gluten Allergy: Unravelling the Mystery

Gluten allergy, also referred to as gluten sensitivity or intolerance, is characterized by the immune system’s adverse reaction to the ingestion of gluten. Gluten, a protein present in wheat, barley, and rye, triggers various symptoms in affected individuals.

These symptoms encompass not only digestive issues, fatigue, and skin problems but also extend to a broader array of health concerns associated with gluten intolerance.

Digestive Issues:

Individuals with gluten allergies commonly experience digestive problems, including bloating, gas, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The inflammatory response triggered by gluten can lead to disruptions in the digestive system.

Fatigue:

Gluten sensitivity may contribute to fatigue and lethargy. The body’s immune response to gluten can result in systemic inflammation, leading to feelings of tiredness and low energy levels.

Skin Problems:

Beyond the commonly recognized symptoms, gluten allergy can manifest in skin-related issues. Dermatitis herpetiformis is a specific skin condition linked to gluten intolerance, presenting as a blistering, itchy rash.

Neurological Symptoms:

Some individuals may experience neurological symptoms, including headaches, dizziness, and difficulty concentrating. These manifestations highlight the systemic impact of gluten on various bodily functions.

Joint Pain:

Gluten sensitivity has been associated with joint pain and inflammation. This connection underscores the need for a comprehensive understanding of gluten-related symptoms beyond the digestive system.

Gluten-Free Diet Basics: Nourishing Your Body Without Compromise

Adopting a gluten-free diet involves more than just eliminating specific grains. It requires a comprehensive understanding of naturally gluten-free foods. Fruits, vegetables, meat, fish, and dairy are safe choices. 

Gluten-Free Alternatives: Deliciously Diverse Options

Fortunately, the market is brimming with gluten-free alternatives that make the transition seamless. From gluten-free bread and pasta to snacks and baking ingredients, there are numerous choices available. Brands have gained popularity for their commitment to producing quality gluten-free products.

Medical Perspective: Navigating Gluten-Related Conditions with Expertise

To gain deeper insights into gluten-related conditions, it’s valuable to consult medical professionals or experts in the field. The latest research, treatment options, and advancements in managing gluten-related conditions should be discussed. Integrating medical perspectives enhances the credibility of the information provided.

Going beyond wheat and understanding the impact of gluten on gut health is a journey towards overall well-being. From recognizing symptoms to embracing a gluten-free lifestyle, individuals can navigate this path with knowledge and confidence, supported by the latest insights from medical professionals and the exciting array of gluten-free products in the market.

Stay informed, stay healthy!

As winter approaches, it brings along cold temperatures and dry air, which can take a toll on our skin. To maintain a healthy and hydrated complexion during the chilly months, it’s important to adjust our skincare routine accordingly. In this blog, we will explore some effective winter skincare tips to help you protect and nourish your skin, ensuring it stays radiant and moisturized throughout the season.

Hydrate from Within:

In cold weather, it’s common for us to reduce our water intake, as we don’t feel as thirsty as we do during hot summer days. However, maintaining proper hydration is essential for healthy skin, regardless of the season.

Drinking an adequate amount of water will help keep your skin hydrated from within, preventing it from becoming dry and dull. Aim to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day, and consider incorporating hydrating beverages like herbal teas or infused water to add variety and flavour.

Moisturize Regularly:

One of the key steps in a winter skincare routine is moisturizing regularly. Cold air and low humidity levels can strip the skin of its natural moisture, leading to dryness and irritation. To combat this, opt for a rich, nourishing moisturizer that contains ingredients like hyaluronic acid, glycerine, or ceramides. Apply it generously to your face and body after cleansing, focusing on areas prone to dryness such as the hands, elbows, and knees. For added protection, consider using a thicker moisturizer at night and a lighter one during the day, along with a sunscreen to shield your skin from harmful UV rays.

Gentle Cleansing:

While it’s important to keep your skin clean, aggressive cleansing can strip away essential oils and disrupt the skin’s natural barrier. During winter, switch to a mild, hydrating cleanser that won’t further dry out your skin. Look for products that are free from harsh chemicals and fragrances, as these can be particularly drying. Additionally, avoid using hot water for cleansing, as it can deplete the skin’s natural moisture. Instead, use lukewarm water and pat your skin dry with a soft towel, leaving some moisture behind to help lock in hydration.

Protect Your Skin:

Cold weather often comes with harsh winds, which can cause windburn and exacerbate skin dryness. Shield your skin from these elements by wearing protective clothing, such as scarves, hats, and gloves, that cover exposed areas. Additionally, don’t forget to apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher, even on cloudy days. UV rays can still penetrate the clouds and cause damage to your skin. Reapply sunscreen every two hours, especially if you engage in outdoor activities.

Humidify Your Environment:

Indoor heating systems can further deplete the moisture levels in the air, leading to dry and irritated skin. To counteract this, invest in a humidifier to add moisture back into the environment. Place it in the rooms where you spend the most time, such as your bedroom or living room. A humidifier will help combat the dryness caused by artificial heating and create a more comfortable and skin-friendly environment. Remember to clean and maintain the humidifier regularly to prevent the growth of bacteria or mould.

Maintaining healthy and hydrated skin during the winter months requires a few adjustments to your skincare routine. By following these tips, including staying hydrated, moisturizing regularly, using gentle cleansers, protecting your skin, and humidifying your environment, you can keep your skin nourished and radiant despite the cold weather. Embrace these practices, and enjoy a winter season with healthy and glowing skin.

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