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CEREBRAL PALSY: The Invisible Disability

Cerebral Palsy is a neurological developmental disorder that affects body’s movement. “Cerebral” means brain and “Palsy” means the impairment or loss of motor function.  Cerebral Palsy results from an interference in brain development affecting the person’s ability to control his or her muscles.

It may also be caused due to an impaired blood supply, decreased oxygen, glucose or calcium supply, infections, trauma & preterm birth. It is the most common childhood impairment which may occur during early months of pregnancy, during birth, soon after birth or early childhood.

SYMPTOMS

The signs and symptoms of this disorder vary greatly from person to person as the condition may affect the entire body or a part of it. In general, a person suffering from this disorder will have problems with movement and coordination, speech and eating, development, and various others.

1. The Movement and Coordination Symptoms may include Stiff or tight muscles and exaggerated reflexes (spasticity), Stiff muscles with normal reflexes (rigidity), Lack of balance and muscle coordination (ataxia), Tremors or jerky involuntary movements, Slow, writhing movements, Difficulty walking etc.

2. The Speech and Eating Symptoms may include delays in speech development, Difficulty speaking, Difficulty with sucking, chewing or eating in addition to Excessive drooling or problems with swallowing

3. The Development Symptoms may include Delays in reaching motor skills milestones, such as sitting up or crawling, Learning & Intellectual difficulties, delayed growth, resulting in smaller size than would be expected

TYPES

Cerebral Palsy may be classified as per the main type of movement disorder involved which may be based on the area of the brain which gets affected. The movement disorders can be Stiff muscles (spasticity), Uncontrollable movements (dyskinesia) and Poor balance and coordination (ataxia)

1. Spastic Cerebral Palsy: This is the most common type affecting 80% of CP patients. Muscles may be stiff causing awkward movements and can affect any body part such as legs (Spastic diplegia/diparesis); one side of the body (Spastic hemiplegia/hemiparesis); all four limbs, the trunk, and the face (Spastic quadriplegia/quadriparesis).

2. Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: This is characterized by uncontrollable movements of hands, arms, feet, and legs, making it difficult for the patient to sit and walk. It makes it difficult to swallow, suck or talk when face and tongue are affected.

3. Ataxic Cerebral Palsy: This type causes problems with balance and coordination.

4. Mixed Cerebral Palsy: Having more than one type of CP, for example spastic-dyskinetic CP

CAUSES & RISK FACTORS

There are a certain factors or medical conditions that can happen during any pregnancy or delivery which increase the risk that a baby is born with cerebral palsy. These could be low birthweight (usually less than 5 ½ pounds); premature birth (before 37 weeks); Twins, triplets, and other multiple pregnancies with the death of a baby’s twin or triplet further increasing the risk; Infections such as toxoplasmosis, rubella (German measles), cytomegalovirus, and herpes infecting the womb or placenta may go on to damage the developing nervous system in an unborn baby; Mothers with thyroid abnormalities, intellectual disability, excess protein in the urine, jaundice or seizures are slightly more likely to have a child with cerebral palsy.

PREVENTION

Although, the condition may not be prevented but the risks may be restrained in the following ways:

1. Those who are planning pregnancy can get vaccinated beforehand especially against diseases such as rubella. Doing this may ward off an infection that could cause foetal brain damage.

2. Regular visits to doctor may reduce health risks for both mother and the unborn baby.

3. Avoiding alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs are a good way to prevent cerebral palsy as they have been linked to it.

TREATMENT

The condition differs from person to person in terms of type and severity. It’s important for healthcare providers to develop a customized/ individualized plan of treatment. Physical therapies, occupational therapies and Speech & language pathology can be used to address different issues.

Cerebral palsy is a lifelong disorder. There is no cure yet but an individualized plan of treatment can help improve function. Follow us at www.dattmedi.com for more health related blogs.

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Velfour® is a revolutionary 4-layer compression bandaging system designed to manage venous leg ulcers and associated conditions. With a sub-bandage pressure of 35-40 mm Hg at the ankle, this high-compression system incorporates elastic layers to achieve sustained compression and promote healing.

Velfour® consists of four essential components that work together synergistically to deliver effective compression and support:

1. Velfour®#1 (Orthopaedic wool):

This layer serves as the primary absorbent material, effectively managing exudate while redistributing pressure evenly around the limb.

2. Velfour® #2 (Cotton crepe bandage):

Designed to enhance absorbency, the cotton crepe bandage smooths out the Orthopaedic Wool layer, ensuring optimal comfort and performance.

3. Velfour®#3 (Elastic Compression Bandage):

The first layer of elastic compression sub-bandage, exerting a pressure of approximately 17 mm Hg at the ankle. This layer provides the initial compression necessary for effective treatment.

4. Velfour® #4 (Cohesive Bandage):

The second layer of compression, adding the remaining 23 mm Hg of pressure while ensuring the bandage remains securely in place. The cohesive properties of this bandage contribute to its stability and adherence.

Velfour® offers a range of features and benefits that make it an exceptional choice for venous leg ulcer management:

1. Effective compression:

With a pressure of approximately 40 mm Hg at the ankle, it delivers the necessary compression to promote healing, gradually reducing to 17 mm Hg at the knee. This graduated compression approach ensures optimal therapeutic results.

2. Graduated compression:

The bandage provides high compression at the ankle and gradually decreases the pressure at the calf.

3. Sustained compression:

It maintains a consistent level of compression for up to a full week, allowing for uninterrupted therapy and reducing the frequency of bandage changes. The treatment process is made simpler by this feature, which also increases patient compliance.

The leading option for treating venous leg ulcers, Velfour® also has additional advantages for a number of other ailments, such as:

1. Treatment of Venous Ulcers:

It improves results by hastening the healing process and facilitating the closure of venous leg ulcers.

2. Prevention of Ulcer Recurrence:

In cases where traditional compression stockings are not tolerated, It provides an effective alternative for preventing the recurrence of venous ulcers.

3. Symptomatic Relief of Superficial Thrombophlebitis:

The compression offered by Velfour®alleviates pain and inflammation associated with superficial thrombophlebitis, providing much-needed comfort to patients.

4. Traumatic Wounds with Local Edema:

It aids in reducing edema and promoting the healing of traumatic wounds, helping to restore the affected area to its optimal state.

5. Venous/Lymphatic Disorders:

It is suitable for managing various venous and lymphatic disorders by providing effective compression and support.

To ensure the optimal application and use of Velfour®, it is essential to follow these guidelines:

1. Limb Assessment:

Accurate measurement of the ankle circumference is crucial to determine the appropriate combination of bandages needed. Any changes in limb contour should also be noted for reference.

2. Wound Assessment:

Mapping the ulcer provides a baseline to track progress throughout the treatment. Regular wound assessment enables healthcare professionals to evaluate the effectiveness of Velfour® and make necessary adjustments.

3. Pain Assessment:

This plays a crucial role in managing venous leg ulcers. Compression therapy with it can alleviate pain, although a slight increase may occur initially.

Velfour® stands as a game-changing solution for managing venous leg ulcers. Its innovative 4-layer compression bandage system, combined with its effective pressure distribution and sustained compression, offers unparalleled benefits for patients and healthcare professionals alike.

We are committed to providing valuable information and insights to support your journey towards improved wound healing and patient well-being.

Allergies are a common health issue that affect a significant portion of the population worldwide. Allergies are a hypersensitive reaction of the immune system to an otherwise harmless substance, which is known as an allergen. The allergen can be any substance that triggers an allergic reaction in the body, such as pollen, dust, food, or animal dander.

Allergies are caused due to the abnormal response of the immune system, which mistakes a harmless substance for a harmful invader and initiates a defence mechanism, called antibodies, to protect the body from it. This results in various allergic reactions, such as skin rashes, itching, sneezing, watery eyes, and in severe cases, anaphylaxis.

There are various reasons behind the occurrence of allergies. Genetics plays a significant role in determining an individual’s likelihood of developing allergies. Environmental factors such as exposure to pollution, chemicals, and toxins can also trigger allergies.

There are several different types of allergies, each with their unique symptoms and triggers.

Some of the most common types of allergies include:

1. Respiratory allergies:

These allergies are triggered by airborne allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and animal dander. The symptoms of respiratory allergies include sneezing, coughing, and wheezing.

2. Food allergies:

These allergies occur when the immune system reacts to certain foods, such as nuts, shellfish, and eggs. Symptoms of food allergies can range from mild itching, tingling in the mouth, hives, swelling of the lips, tongue, face or throat to more severe life-threatening anaphylaxis.

3. Skin allergies:

These allergies occur when the skin comes into contact with an allergen, such as certain fabrics, metals, or cosmetics. The symptoms of skin allergies include rashes, itching, and swelling.

4. Insect allergies:

These allergies occur when an individual is bitten or stung by an insect, such as bees or mosquitoes. The symptoms of insect allergies can range from mild itching to severe anaphylaxis.

5. Medicine allergies:

Medicine allergies are hypersensitive reactions of the immune system to certain medications. They can cause symptoms like skin rashes, itching, swelling, and in severe cases, difficulty breathing or anaphylaxis. It is important to communicate medicine allergies to healthcare providers to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Precautionary methods can be taken to manage allergies. Firstly, it is crucial to identify the allergen that triggers the allergic reaction. This can be done through various tests such as skin tests or blood tests. Once the allergen is identified, it is essential to avoid exposure to it. For example, individuals with food allergies must avoid eating the allergen-containing food.

Similarly, those with respiratory allergies must avoid exposure to airborne allergens, such as pollen or animal dander. If a person has a known severe allergy then they can also wear a medical alert bracelet, which lets others know that you have a serious allergy incase they are unable to communicate it.

Medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids can be used to manage allergy symptoms. In severe cases, epinephrine injections may be required to manage anaphylaxis.

In addition to medication, several lifestyle changes can also help manage allergies. One of the most important being to try to reduce stress levels. While stress can’t trigger an allergic reaction it can make it worse if you are having one. When in stress your body releases hormones including histamine, which is a powerful chemical that leads to allergy symptoms thus making the reaction worse.

Allergies can significantly impact the lives of those who suffer from them. However, with proper management, it is possible to reduce the severity of allergy symptoms. If you suspect that you have an allergy, it is important to seek medical advice and get a proper diagnosis.

We advice to follow precautionary methods and working with a healthcare professional, that can help you manage allergies and improve your quality of life. Follow us for more such information.