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Healthcare-Acquired Infections (HAIs) & Types

Healthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) are infections that patients get while receiving treatment for a separate condition in a healthcare facility. They are also known as “nosocomial infections”. It has been observed that over 1.4 million patients suffer from healthcare associated infections (HAIs) globally at any time.

HAIs can be associated with procedures (surgery) and the devices used in medical procedures (catheters or ventilators).

As per the study titled “Multistate Point-Prevalence Survey of Health Care–Associated Infections”, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, among the pathogens causing HAIs, Clostridium difficile (12.1%) is the leading pathogen followed by Staphylococcus aureus (10.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.9%), and Escherichia coli (9.3%).

Most HAIs are preventable and can be avoided with diligent infection prevention efforts.

HAIs can happen in all types of healthcare settings including hospitals, ambulatory surgical centers, Dialysis facilities, healthcare clinics, and long-term care facilities.

Who’s At Risk?
Transmission of pathogen in healthcare facility can occur through direct contact with the healthcare worker or the contaminated surrounding. Young children, elderly and people with compromised immune systems are at greater risk of getting infected.

Other common risk factors include:

Long stay in hospitals
Use of indwelling urinary catheters
Unhygienic conditions by healthcare workers, visitors or patients
Overuse of antibiotics

Common types of HAIs based on the procedures or devices used in healthcare facilities are:

– Central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI): A central venous catheter (central line), is placed into a major vein near the heart to give medicines and take blood. This type of infection occurs when germs enter the bloodstream through the central line.

– Surgical site infection (SSI): It occurs in the part of the body where surgery took place. SSIs may be superficial infections involving the skin only, or more serious infections involving deeper tissues around the surgery location such as skin, organs, or implanted material. Symptoms for SSI include fever, redness and pain at the site of surgery, and drainage of cloudy fluid from the site of incision. The causative agents usually include Staphylococcus aureus and sometimes Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

– Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI): These are the most common types of HAIs. A catheter is a tube which is inserted into the bladder through the urethra to drain urine from the body into the collection bag. It has been documented by CDC that 75% of UTIs are associated with urinary catheters. The catheters should be removed as soon as they are no longer needed in order to prevent CAUTI. Causative organisms can be Pseudomonasspecies and Proteus species.

– Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP): A ventilator is a machine that helps patients breathe. A tube is placed in a patient’s mouth or nose, or through a hole in the neck in order to provide oxygen to the lungs. Lung infection or Ventilator-associated Pneumonia occurs if the germ enters the patient’s lungs through this tube.

Ways to prevent HAIs
We can help patients stay healthy and safe from HAIs by practicing some of these steps:-

Healthcare providers and visitors must clean their hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub. It is important to keep hands clean before and after caring for a patient to avoid the spread of infection.
It is advisable to use catheter only when it is required and removed as soon as possible to prevent UTIs.
Healthcare workers must wear masks, hand gloves, gown and appropriately cover hair.
It is always important to recognize the signs and symptoms like redness, pain or drainage at the site of incision, followed by fever. Always seek guidance from the healthcare provider to eliminate HAIs.
Antibiotics must be used carefully and must be taken only when required.
Annual flu vaccine shots are recommended to avoid complications later.

It has been observed that Healthcare-associated infections are often avoidable and can be prevented by keeping oneself abreast with the latest findings regarding spread of infection. Patient, family members, visitors and health care workers all play important role in keeping the patient safe.

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In the field of healthcare, compression therapy plays a crucial role in the treatment of various conditions, particularly in wound care and managing lymphatic and vascular disorders. Compression therapy involves the application of pressure to affected areas to improve blood circulation, reduce swelling, and promote healing.

One important component of compression therapy is the compression bandages, specifically short-stretch bandages, which offer numerous benefits and are instrumental in achieving effective compression. In this blog, we will explore the purpose of Velkomp® Short Stretch Bandage and discuss the advantages and proper application techniques.

Understanding the Purpose of Short Stretch Bandages:

Short-stretch bandages are compression bandages that have the ability to stretch to a limited extent. Unlike long-stretch bandages, which can stretch significantly, short-stretch bandages provide firm and sustained compression. They are designed to exert pressure on the underlying tissues, offering support and reducing edema or swelling. The unique properties of short-stretch bandages make them ideal for providing moderate compression in a variety of healthcare applications.

Overview of Velkomp®

Short Stretch Bandage for Moderate Compression

Velkomp® Short Stretch Bandage is a high-quality, latex-free product widely used in compression therapy. It is specifically designed to deliver moderate compression, making it suitable for a range of conditions such as venous insufficiency, lymphedema, and chronic wounds. The bandage is made from a blend of cotton, ensuring a comfortable fit while maintaining the necessary compression levels. Its woven structure allows for air permeability, preventing excessive moisture build-up and promoting a healthy wound environment.

Key Advantages

Short Stretch Bandages for Compression Therapy

1. Controlled and Sustained Compression:

They provide controlled compression by exerting constant pressure on the affected area. This helps to reduce swelling, promote blood circulation, and alleviate discomfort.

2. Enhanced Patient Comfort:

They offer excellent conformability and elasticity, ensuring a snug fit without compromising patient comfort. The bandage adapts to body contours and movements, allowing for a full range of motion while providing the necessary compression.

3. Reduced Slippage and Shifting:

They have minimal recoil, which means they maintain their applied tension and stay securely in place. This prevents the bandage from slipping or shifting during movement, ensuring consistent compression therapy.

4. Proper Application Techniques:

When applying, it is essential to follow proper techniques to achieve optimal results.

Here are a few considerations to keep in mind:

Prepare the Skin:
Ensure the skin is clean and dry before application to promote adherence and prevent skin irritation.
Apply with Appropriate Tension:
Begin by applying the bandage with low tension and gradually increase the tension as you wrap. This helps achieve the desired compression while avoiding excessive pressure.
Overlap and Secure:
Overlap each wrap by at least 50% to ensure even compression. Secure the end of the bandage with tape or clips to prevent unravelling.

Short stretch bandages, such as Velkomp®, play a vital role in compression therapy. They offer controlled compression, enhanced patient comfort, and reduced slippage, making them a valuable tool in managing various conditions.

By understanding the purpose of short-stretch bandages and employing proper application techniques, healthcare professionals can optimize the benefits of compression therapy and contribute to better patient outcomes. Embracing the significance of short-stretch bandages is essential for advancing wound care and promoting the overall well-being of patients in need of compression. We are committed to providing valuable information and insights to support your journey toward improved wound healing and patient well-being.

As we age, our bodies undergo several changes that can affect our overall health. These changes include a decrease in muscle mass and bone density, a slower metabolism, and a decline in cognitive function. Additionally, our immune system may weaken, making us more susceptible to infections and illnesses.

However, it’s important to remember that aging doesn’t necessarily mean poor health. By taking care of our bodies and adopting healthy habits, we can age gracefully and maintain our health and independence.

Issues Faced with Aging:

There are several issues that can arise as we age. Some of the most common include:

1. Chronic conditions:

As we age, we are more likely to develop chronic health conditions such as diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease.

2. Mobility issues:

Muscles and joints can become stiff and less flexible with age, which can make it harder to move around.

3. Cognitive decline:

Memory loss and other cognitive changes can occur with age.

4. Social isolation:

Older adults may experience social isolation and loneliness, which can lead to depression and other health problems.

5. Caregiver burden:

Family members or other caregivers may experience stress and burnout when caring for an older adult.

Ways to Overcome in a Healthy Way:

A. Stay active:

Regular exercise can help maintain muscle strength, flexibility, and balance. Try to engage in physical activity for at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week. This could be as simple as taking a walk or doing some light stretching.

B. Eat a healthy diet:

A balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein can help maintain overall health. It’s also important to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.

C. Keep your mind active:

Engage in activities that challenge your brain, such as reading, doing puzzles, or learning a new skill. This can help maintain cognitive function and prevent memory loss.

D. Stay socially engaged:

Join clubs or groups that interest you, volunteer in your community, or spend time with family and friends. Staying socially engaged can help prevent loneliness and depression.

E. Be proactive about healthcare:

Regular check-ups with your healthcare provider can help detect and treat health problems early on. It’s also important to follow recommended screening guidelines for conditions such as cancer and heart disease.

While it’s important to take care of ourselves as we age, it’s also important to take precautions to prevent falls and other accidents.

Some ways to do this include:

Keep your home well-lit and free of clutter.
Install grab bars in the bathroom and other areas where you may need extra support.
Use assistive devices such as a cane or walker if needed.
Wear proper footwear with good support and non-slip soles.
Be aware of potential hazards such as uneven sidewalks or slippery floors.

Healthy aging is achievable with the right mindset and healthy habits. By staying active, eating a healthy diet, keeping our minds active, staying socially engaged, and being proactive about healthcare, we can maintain our health and independence as we age.

We advice to take precautions to prevent falls and other accidents, and don’t be afraid to ask for help when needed. With these tips and strategies, we can age gracefully and enjoy a healthy and fulfilling life.